{"id":599,"date":"2022-01-26T01:47:39","date_gmt":"2022-01-26T01:47:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/?p=599"},"modified":"2025-02-14T11:25:13","modified_gmt":"2025-02-14T03:25:13","slug":"pert-chart-tutorial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/pert-chart-tutorial\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/a>l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a (K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 Xem x\u00e9t Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh). Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp l\u1ecbch, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. N\u00f3 v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n

M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PERT l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n. PERT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng theo quy tr\u00ecnh, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cao, c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

PERT l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed7i nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/p>\n

PERT trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u0103m 1957, V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Polaris. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 Th\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u1ed9i M\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng 1968 \u1edf Grenoble.<\/p>\n

K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/h3>\n

Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/h3>\n

Trong Visual Paradigm, m\u1ed9t Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u00ean Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/li>\n
  2. ID Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/li>\n
  3. Th\u1eddi gian<\/li>\n
  4. Ng\u00e0y B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y K\u1ebft th\u00fac<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
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    Ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/h3>\n

    Li\u00ean k\u1ebft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/strong>c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c th\u1eddi gian<\/strong>gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0, khi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

    <\/figure>\n

    C\u00e1c T\u00ednh n\u0103ng N\u00e2ng cao c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/h3>\n

    Visual Paradigm \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u00eam hai t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. L\u00e0n\u200a\u2014\u200a\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c danh m\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 b\u00ean n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho c\u00e1i g\u00ec (nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5) trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT.<\/li>\n
    2. G\u00e1n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng\u200a\u2014\u200a\u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT cho Tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm\u200a\u2014\u200aTasifier.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      L\u00e0n<\/h4>\n

      M\u1ed9t l\u00e0n cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ngang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed7i v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0o m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

      <\/figure>\n

      G\u00e1n Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 PERT cho Tasifier<\/h4>\n

      Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT N\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p b\u1ed1n t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1edbi Tasifier, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m (li\u00ean k\u1ebft nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m)<\/li>\n
      2. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 (Tasifier c\u1ee7a Visual Paradigm)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        <\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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        Khi n\u00e0o v\u1ebd Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/h3>\n

        C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sau:<\/p>\n

          \n
        1. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian bi\u1ec3u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
        2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng\u200a\u2014\u200av\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n.<\/li>\n
        3. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n
        4. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9n l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt.<\/li>\n
        5. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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          C\u00e1ch v\u1ebd Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT?<\/h3>\n

          L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch PERT bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
          2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
          3. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 PERT.<\/li>\n
          4. \u01af\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed7i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
          5. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/li>\n
          6. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT khi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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            V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/h3>\n

            V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb D\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200aBi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT sau \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

            Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thu th\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            M\u1eabu Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200aV\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

            M\u1ed9t m\u1eabu chung cho qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong l\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 T\u1ea1o Website<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200aV\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y:<\/p>\n

            Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t website, bao g\u1ed3m, ch\u1ecdn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf website, vi\u1ebft HTML, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, v\u00e0 v.v.<\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            M\u1eabu PERT<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200aNhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c:<\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT<\/strong>\u200a\u2014\u200aQu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n:<\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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            M\u1eabu Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Pert<\/h4>\n
            <\/figure>\n

            Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd D\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t Website<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            M\u1eabu SDLC<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t D\u1ef1 \u00e1n<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 PERT t\u1eeb Danh s\u00e1ch Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Pert N\u00e2ng cao cho T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5<\/a><\/p>\n

            <\/figure>\n

            Th\u00eam V\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Pert<\/h4>\n