{"id":408,"date":"2022-01-25T11:13:23","date_gmt":"2022-01-25T11:13:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/?p=408"},"modified":"2025-02-18T11:53:25","modified_gmt":"2025-02-18T03:53:25","slug":"data-flow-diagram-comprehensive-guide-with-examples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/data-flow-diagram-comprehensive-guide-with-examples\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn To\u00e0n Di\u1ec7n V\u1ec1 S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u V\u1edbi C\u00e1c V\u00ed D\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"

S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u (DFD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng tin trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u (DFD) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i cho ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m. M\u1ed9t DFD g\u1ecdn g\u00e0ng v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u (DFD) m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh logic v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. M\u1ed9t S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

DFD bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m sau:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng;<\/li>\n
  2. m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch;<\/li>\n
  3. m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\/quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau;<\/li>\n
  4. cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi song song v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9;<\/li>\n
  5. tinh ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 theo c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    C\u00e1c Kh\u00e1i Ni\u1ec7m Ch\u00ednh C\u1ee7a S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u<\/h4>\n

    DFD tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

    Quy Tr\u00ecnh<\/h4>\n

    B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn cho b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y trong h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1ef1c Th\u1ec3 Ngo\u00e0i<\/h4>\n

    M\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n h\u1ec7. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn. N\u00f3 n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ebd c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i \u1edf r\u00eca c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

    <\/figure>\n

    Quy Tr\u00ecnh<\/h4>\n

    M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kinh doanh n\u01a1i m\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thao t\u00e1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di\u1ec5n ra. M\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd trong quy tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

    <\/figure>\n

    Kho D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u<\/h4>\n

    M\u1ed9t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi quy tr\u00ecnh. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: m\u1eabu \u0111\u01a1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v.v.<\/p>\n

    <\/figure>\n

    D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u<\/h4>\n

    M\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho d\u00f2ng th\u00f4ng tin, v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u m\u0169i t\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u (c\u00e1c) \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i d\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

    <\/figure>\n

    C\u00e1c K\u00fd Hi\u1ec7u DFD Kh\u00e1c Nhau<\/h4>\n

    C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Yourdon v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c De Marco,<\/li>\n
    2. Gane & Sarson,<\/li>\n
    3. SSADM (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u00e1p Ph\u00e2n T\u00edch v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft K\u1ebf H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng C\u00f3 C\u1ea5u Tr\u00fac), v\u00e0<\/li>\n
    4. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh H\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      <\/figure>\n

      C\u00e1ch V\u1ebd DFD V\u1edbi Nhi\u1ec1u C\u1ea5p B\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh?<\/h3>\n

      Ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 chia nh\u1ecf n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n. M\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 th\u00eam. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n h\u1ec7, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi: Visual Paradigm Doanh Nghi\u1ec7p<\/a>Chuy\u00ean Nghi\u1ec7p<\/a>,\u00a0Ti\u00eau Chu\u1ea9n<\/a>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4 H\u00ecnh<\/a><\/p>\n

      T\u1ea1o S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u C\u1ea5p B\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh<\/h3>\n

      S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD c\u1ea5p 0, xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. H\u00e3y v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD c\u1ea5p b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t DFD, ch\u1ecdn S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 > M\u1edbi t\u1eeb thanh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5.<\/li>\n
      2. Trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 M\u1edbi, ch\u1ecdn S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 D\u00f2ng D\u1eef Li\u1ec7u<\/em> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n
      3. Nh\u1eadp S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 B\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh<\/em> l\u00e0m t\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n OK \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
      4. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 S\u01a1 \u0110\u1ed3 B\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh<\/em>.<\/li>\n
      5. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh. K\u00e9o Quy tr\u00ecnh<\/em> t\u1eeb thanh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho n\u00f3 C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em>. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho b\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 DFD.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        <\/figure>\n
          \n
        1. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00e1ch qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y th\u00eam m\u1ed9t Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 Ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho n\u00f3 Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/em>. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o quy tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u00e9o Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 Ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb thanh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          <\/figure>\n
            \n
          1. M\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u201c\u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng\u201d l\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 g\u1eedi v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em>. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, di chuy\u1ec3n con tr\u1ecf chu\u1ed9t qua Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. K\u00e9o n\u00fat Danh m\u1ee5c T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ra ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            <\/figure>\n
              \n
            1. Th\u1ea3 n\u00fat chu\u1ed9t tr\u00ean C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn Lu\u1ed3ng D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb Danh m\u1ee5c T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
              <\/figure>\n
                \n
              1. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho n\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                <\/figure>\n
                  \n
                1. C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd giao s\u00e1ch cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Danh m\u1ee5c T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em> \u0111\u1ebfn Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/em>. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho lu\u1ed3ng s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                  <\/figure>\n
                    \n
                  1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh. Khi ch\u00fang ta xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh duy nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 DFD n\u00e0y. Trong ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em> quy tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                    T\u1ea1o DFD C\u1ea5p 1<\/h3>\n

                    Trong ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd v\u1ebd DFD c\u1ea5p 1 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

                      \n
                    1. Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o C\u1eeda h\u00e0ng s\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn Ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 t\u1eeb menu b\u1eadt l\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                      <\/figure>\n

                      2. C\u00e1c kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong DFD c\u1ea5p 1. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc th\u00eam ch\u00fang v\u00e0o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1edbi, h\u00e3y nh\u1ea5p C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn. L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng DFD m\u1edbi n\u00ean tr\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh ban \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed n\u00ean gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh (m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 DFD m\u1edbi n\u00e0y ph\u00e2n r\u00e3) gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng (s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5).<\/p>\n

                      3. Nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0110\u1ed5i t\u00ean\u2026 t\u1eeb menu b\u1eadt l\u00ean. \u0110\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD C\u1ea5p 1<\/em><\/p>\n

                      4. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. H\u00e3y t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh Nh\u1eadn \u0110\u01a1n H\u00e0ng<\/em> v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0110\u01a1n H\u00e0ng<\/em>. Th\u00eam c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf gi\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

                      <\/figure>\n

                      5. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh X\u1eed L\u00fd \u0110\u01a1n H\u00e0ng Kh\u00f4ng H\u1ee3p L\u1ec7<\/em>. Th\u00eam c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hai chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

                      <\/figure>\n

                      6. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c giao h\u00e0ng. T\u1ea1o Giao \u0110\u01a1n H\u00e0ng<\/em> quy tr\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, th\u00eam c\u00e1c lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

                      <\/figure>\n

                      \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00e0y. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan t\u00e2m, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Giao \u0110\u01a1n H\u00e0ng<\/em>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n (c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp giao h\u00e0ng, v.v.<\/p>\n

                      H\u00e3y th\u1eed n\u00f3 v\u1edbi Visual Paradigm Online<\/a><\/h4>\n