{"id":10981,"date":"2023-03-02T17:47:01","date_gmt":"2023-03-02T09:47:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/"},"modified":"2026-04-20T17:11:35","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T09:11:35","slug":"10698-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER<\/h2>\n

\"What<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ER) cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, n\u01a1i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 cho c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng quan, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER<\/h2>\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh: th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
    \n
  • Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \"Entity<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh:<\/strong>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c ID, cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7:<\/strong>C\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhau.<\/li>\n
    • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111\u1ed1i-m\u1ed9t:<\/strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c theo m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111\u1ed1i-m\u1ed9t, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \"One-to-One \"One-to-Many<\/p>\n

        \n
      • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t-\u0111\u1ed1i-nhi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, trong khi m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
      • M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ed1i-nhi\u1ec1u:<\/strong>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \"Many-to-Many<\/p>\n

          \n
        • S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
        • M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia:<\/strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n
        • Kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh:<\/strong>Kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh (PK) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD) trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n ghi trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ghi n\u00e0o b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n ghi trong b\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          V\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ‘S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m’ v\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh ‘ID’, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n xem tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi trong b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1ea3n ghi th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ID ‘PDT-0002’ \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

          \"Primary<\/p>\n

          <\/div>\n

          Kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i:<\/strong>Kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 FK, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. N\u00f3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ea3ng. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ghi trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi trong b\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c thi t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n tham chi\u1ebfu gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

          <\/div>\n
          V\u00ed d\u1ee5 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9t, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c.<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n
          \"Foreign<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. Th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n
          <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n

          C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER<\/h2>\n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n
          \n

          S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER: kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, logic v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. Lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/strong>, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5p cao v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft chung v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \"Conceptual<\/p>\n

            2. Lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD logic<\/strong>, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kinh doanh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

            \"Logical<\/p>\n

            \"\"<\/p>\n

            3. Lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 DFD v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u logic sang l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

            \"Physical<\/p>\n

            T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER: kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, logic v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ea5p cao v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, trong khi c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER logic th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc kinh doanh v\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1eadt l\u00fd. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

            \n
            \n

            T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER<\/h2>\n

            Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. T\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 g\u00e1n cardinality v\u00e0 modality, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u1ebd s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. Vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u00fac t\u00edch, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3.<\/span><\/p>\n

            D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER:<\/span><\/p>\n

              \n
            1. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang:<\/strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. C\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ISBN.<\/li>\n
            2. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3:<\/strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 hai trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa hai ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t-\u0111\u1ed1i-m\u1ed9t, m\u1ed9t-\u0111\u1ed1i-nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u-\u0111\u1ed1i-nhi\u1ec1u. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n g\u00e1n cardinality v\u00e0 modality cho m\u1ed7i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/li>\n
            3. G\u00e1n cardinality v\u00e0 modality:<\/strong>Cardinality v\u00e0 modality l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Cardinality m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch. Modality m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tham gia b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n
            4. T\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER:<\/strong>Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 g\u00e1n m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi cardinality v\u00e0 modality, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 Visual Paradigm Online, Visio v\u00e0 Visual Paradigm Desktop Edition. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER<\/h2>\n

              \"How<\/p>\n

              S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau.C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3.<\/span>C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/p>\n

              D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER:<\/p>\n

                \n
              1. Trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong> S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER cho m\u1ed9t trang web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, m\u00e3 \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.\"ER<\/li>\n
              2. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, t\u00ean b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y h\u1eb9n.<\/li>\n
              3. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER cho m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0o b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, m\u00e3 b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn.<\/li>\n
              4. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn:<\/strong>S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 giao d\u1ecbch. C\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u giao d\u1ecbch. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh cho m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u00ean kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n giao d\u1ecbch.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h2>\n

                S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER:<\/p>\n

                  \n
                1. Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh tr\u1ef1c quan v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
                2. Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chia c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
                3. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n
                4. B\u1ea3o tr\u00ec c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                  K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n

                  S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u00fac t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ER c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

                  \u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

                  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                  Entity Relationship (ER) diagrams provide a powerful way to visually represent the data requirements of a system and the relationships between different entities. They are particularly useful in database design, where understanding the relationships between various entities is critical to creating an efficient and effective database structure. ER diagrams help to identify the different entities, their attributes, and the relationships that exist between them, providing a comprehensive overview of the data model.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10982,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10981","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-software-engineering","category-unified-modeling-language"],"yoast_head":"\nH\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Entity Relationship (ER) diagrams provide a powerful way to visually represent the data requirements of a system and the relationships between different entities. They are particularly useful in database design, where understanding the relationships between various entities is critical to creating an efficient and effective database structure. ER diagrams help to identify the different entities, their attributes, and the relationships that exist between them, providing a comprehensive overview of the data model.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Cybermedian\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"566\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"348\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"vpadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@vpadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"vpadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 ph\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"vpadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a\"},\"headline\":\"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":4299,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Software Engineering\",\"Unified Modeling Language\"],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\",\"name\":\"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png\",\"width\":566,\"height\":348},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/\",\"name\":\"Cybermedian\",\"description\":\"H\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"vi\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a\",\"name\":\"vpadmin\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"vi\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3914788226b9b0af628488720662164f4641c6125d0bd38d90ae34f01c8c4ea3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3914788226b9b0af628488720662164f4641c6125d0bd38d90ae34f01c8c4ea3?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"vpadmin\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/x.com\/vpadmin\"],\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/author\/vpadmin\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/","og_locale":"vi_VN","og_type":"article","og_title":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian","og_description":"Entity Relationship (ER) diagrams provide a powerful way to visually represent the data requirements of a system and the relationships between different entities. They are particularly useful in database design, where understanding the relationships between various entities is critical to creating an efficient and effective database structure. ER diagrams help to identify the different entities, their attributes, and the relationships that exist between them, providing a comprehensive overview of the data model.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/","og_site_name":"Cybermedian","article_published_time":"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00","og_image":[{"width":566,"height":348,"url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"vpadmin","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@vpadmin","twitter_misc":{"\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi":"vpadmin","\u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecdc":"12 ph\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/"},"author":{"name":"vpadmin","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a"},"headline":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n","datePublished":"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/"},"wordCount":4299,"commentCount":0,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png","articleSection":["Software Engineering","Unified Modeling Language"],"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/","name":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n - Cybermedian","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png","datePublished":"2023-03-02T09:47:01+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-20T09:11:35+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"vi","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/14\/2026\/02\/img_6400706d152a8.png","width":566,"height":348},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/10698-2\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"H\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3: H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/","name":"Cybermedian","description":"H\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"vi"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/0122cdf8fc3b73482dd8a30c8500f75a","name":"vpadmin","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"vi","@id":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3914788226b9b0af628488720662164f4641c6125d0bd38d90ae34f01c8c4ea3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/3914788226b9b0af628488720662164f4641c6125d0bd38d90ae34f01c8c4ea3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"vpadmin"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/x.com\/vpadmin"],"url":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/author\/vpadmin\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10981","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10981"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10981\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11705,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10981\/revisions\/11705"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10982"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10981"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10981"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/vn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10981"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}