{"id":10122,"date":"2022-01-26T01:52:04","date_gmt":"2022-01-26T01:52:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/ru\/?p=10122"},"modified":"2026-04-20T09:13:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-20T09:13:12","slug":"%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b7%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0-dfd-%d1%81-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%88%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%b2%d1%8b%d0%bc-%d1%83%d1%82%d0%be%d1%87%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5%d0%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/ru\/develop-dfd-with-stepwise-refinement\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 DFD \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"entry-header\"><\/header>\n<div class=\"entry-content clearfix\">\n<p id=\"1cbb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/guide\/data-flow-diagram\/what-is-data-flow-diagram\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/www.visual-paradigm.com\/guide\/data-flow-diagram\/what-is-data-flow-diagram\/\">\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0(DFDS) \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443.\u00a0DFD \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p id=\"b108\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (DFD) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b (\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b), \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"postList\">\n<li id=\"0e20\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435?<\/li>\n<li id=\"6a76\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u041a\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442?<\/li>\n<li id=\"2dec\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p id=\"f2d7\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--li\">\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"aad7\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\"><span id=\"What_is_Stepwise_Refinement\">\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435?<\/span><\/h4>\n<p id=\"5056\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h4\">\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438.\u00a0\u0412\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p id=\"df59\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2165\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a\u00a0\u00a0<a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/knowledge\/software-design\/dfd-tutorial-yourdon-notation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/knowledge\/software-design\/dfd-tutorial-yourdon-notation\/\">\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b,\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.\u00a0\u0417\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 0, 1, 2 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434. \u0432 DFD), \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0431\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n<p id=\"c0eb\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442, \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438 (\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435, \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043b), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u00ab\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438\u00bb \u2014 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u00ab\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u00bb, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u043b\u0438, \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2d53\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u0414\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438.\u00a0\u0414\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0433\u0430.\u00a0\u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u043e \u2014 \u0434\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"3e6e\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--p\"><span id=\"Stepwise_Refinement_Example\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/span><\/h4>\n<figure id=\"8d2f\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--h4\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0qxK-mPAO_MWdNpr0.gif\" data-image-id=\"0*qxK-mPAO_MWdNpr0.gif\" data-is-featured=\"true\" \/><\/figure>\n<h4 id=\"645d\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--figure\"><span id=\"Clean_house\"><strong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">\u0427\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043c<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote id=\"4d28\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h4\"><p>{\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u044b\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e, \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"8321\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote\"><span id=\"Cook\"><strong class=\"markup--strong markup--h4-strong\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote id=\"7a12\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h4\"><p>{\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442, \u041c\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d \u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0416\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0430.\u00a0\u0414\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0432\u043e\u0449\u0438}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"c7f4\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote\"><span id=\"Set_Table\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">\u041d\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b<\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote id=\"2932\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h4\"><p>{\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044c , \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0438 , \u0412\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043a\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 , \u0412\u044b\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0440\u043e , \u0421\u0430\u043b\u0444\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438<\/em>\u00a0}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"558c\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote\"><span id=\"Roast_chicken\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">\u0416\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u044b\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043a<\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote id=\"ade9\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h4\"><p>{\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0434\u043e\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0400 ,\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443 , \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0432\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u0434\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0400\u00a0 \u043d\u0430\u00a090\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442<\/em>\u00a0}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 id=\"6e69\" class=\"graf graf--h4 graf-after--blockquote\"><span id=\"Do_Veggie\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--h4-em\">\u0412\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439<\/em><\/span><\/h4>\n<blockquote id=\"1335\" class=\"graf graf--blockquote graf-after--h4\"><p>{\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--blockquote-em\">\u041d\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0432\u043e\u0449\u0438 , \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0432\u043e\u0449\u0438<\/em>\u00a0}<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p id=\"0e0c\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--blockquote\">(*\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a:\u00a0\u00a0<a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/A-level_Computing\/AQA\/Problem_Solving,_Programming,_Data_Representation_and_Practical_Exercise\/Problem_Solving\/Top-down_design_and_Step-wise_refinement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/en.wikibooks.org\/wiki\/A-level_Computing\/AQA\/Problem_Solving,_Programming,_Data_Representation_and_Practical_Exercise\/Problem_Solving\/Top-down_design_and_Step-wise_refinement\">\u0414\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438<\/a>\u00a0)<\/p>\n<p id=\"bc4f\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0438.\u00a0\u041a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u044b, \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"854f\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\"><span id=\"Top-Down_Decomposition_Technique_in_DFD\">\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 DFD<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"167e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u0412 DFD\u00a0\u00a0<a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/knowledge\/software-design\/dfd-tutorial-yourdon-notation\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/knowledge\/software-design\/dfd-tutorial-yourdon-notation\/\">\u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u0443 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u0437<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0(\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 DFD \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f.\u00a0\u0412\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0430 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.\u00a0\u041a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0435, \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 DFD \u0441\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"6dc4\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0TZMKm3bnkiFJpb4s.png\" data-image-id=\"0*TZMKm3bnkiFJpb4s.png\" data-width=\"882\" data-height=\"549\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"postList\">\n<li id=\"0b42\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\">DFD \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b<\/li>\n<li id=\"2991\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">DFD \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b\u0435 DFD \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439<\/li>\n<li id=\"fa92\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u200b\u200b\u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0438 (\u0441\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f DFD).\u00a0\u0417\u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 DFD 0, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 1, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 2).<\/li>\n<li id=\"b9b5\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435 \u2014 DFD 1 \u2014 \u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.\u00a0\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 EG 1 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f DFD, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b 1.1, 1.2 \u0438 1.3.<\/li>\n<li id=\"cadf\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f (DFD 2) \u043d\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, 1.1.1, 1.1.2, 1.1.3 \u0438 1.1.4.<\/li>\n<li id=\"fce7\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.\u00a0\u041a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 0 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"a916\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\"><span id=\"DFD_Examples_Customer_Services_System_Example\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u044b DFD \u2014 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"ad47\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u044e \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0438\u0437:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"postList\">\n<li id=\"a743\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--p\">\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 (\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c)<\/li>\n<li id=\"2a86\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">DFD \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 1<\/li>\n<li id=\"210c\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--li\">\u0418 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c 2 DFD \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"0d08\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--li\"><span id=\"Context_DFD\">\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 DFD<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"e943\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438.\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 (\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u00ab\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 CS<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438.\u00a0\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u0438\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Passenger<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439.\u00a0\u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 (\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0443\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"06d3\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0zfUxDeKMy-91D4jJ.png\" data-image-id=\"0*zfUxDeKMy-91D4jJ.png\" data-width=\"567\" data-height=\"121\" \/><\/figure>\n<p id=\"844b\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=YourdonandCoadDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/dd87bf2b-0fad-4f7e-8a58-d085c722a254.xml&amp;name=CS%20System%20Context%20DFD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=YourdonandCoadDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/dd87bf2b-0fad-4f7e-8a58-d085c722a254.xml&amp;name=CS%20System%20Context%20DFD\">\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 Yourdon and Coad DFD<\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"3215\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">Context DFD \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.\u00a0\u041e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"1293\" class=\"graf graf--h3 graf-after--p\"><span id=\"Level_1_DFD\">\u0414\u0424\u0414 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 1<\/span><\/h3>\n<p id=\"1b45\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--h3\">\u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d DFD \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044f 1, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044e (\u0442. \u0435. \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u043a\u0443) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b CS, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 DFD.\u00a0\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443, \u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"b267\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--p\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/009gCEUHhCzVfNZeE.png\" data-image-id=\"0*09gCEUHhCzVfNZeE.png\" data-width=\"695\" data-height=\"542\" \/><\/figure>\n<p id=\"f97e\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--figure\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--p-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=YourdonandCoadDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/d592ccb3-23ca-4bee-8ccb-c6f66e90f921.xml&amp;name=CS%20System%20Level%201%20DFD\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=YourdonandCoadDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/d592ccb3-23ca-4bee-8ccb-c6f66e90f921.xml&amp;name=CS%20System%20Level%201%20DFD\">\u041e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u044b Yourdon \u0438 Coad<\/a><\/p>\n<p id=\"1903\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0431\u043b\u043e\u043a-\u0441\u0445\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 CS \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430, \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.\u00a0\u041d\u0435\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043c\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435, \u0430 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u044b \u2014 \u043f\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p id=\"1ad6\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435, \u043c\u044b \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Passenger<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0417\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00bb, \u0430 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb \u00a0\u0438\u00a0 \u00ab\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c<\/em>\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00bb .\u00a0\u0412 \u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043e \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0435<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0, \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 (\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u00abD\u00bb), \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0416\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c<\/em>\u00a0\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u00bb \u00a0, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 (\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u00ab\u0422\u00bb).\u00a0\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p id=\"ef88\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0430<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0, \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/em>\u00a0\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u00a0\u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u00a0 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0.\u00a0\u0425\u043e\u0442\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043b\u0438\u0446\u043e\u043c, \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430.\u00a0\u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">Buy Souvenir<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p id=\"2dbd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\"><em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0, \u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u00a0 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0.\u00a0\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0430\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438.\u00a0\u0425\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 Order, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043c\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445.\u00a0\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<p id=\"0ddd\" class=\"graf graf--p graf-after--p\">\u041d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446,\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">CS Assistant<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u00ab\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0421\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00bb, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u00a0\u00a0<em class=\"markup--em markup--p-em\">\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0435,<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u00a0 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 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graf--figure graf-after--li\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0-FMnw-9ZR_ILv1wR.png\" data-image-id=\"0*-FMnw-9ZR_ILv1wR.png\" data-width=\"716\" data-height=\"560\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"postList\">\n<li id=\"27c9\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=DataFlowDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/0640ff0f-f7f8-4327-a735-94b451a6fd88.xml&amp;name=Supermarket%20App\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=DataFlowDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/0640ff0f-f7f8-4327-a735-94b451a6fd88.xml&amp;name=Supermarket%20App\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"b1f8\" class=\"graf graf--figure graf-after--li\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"graf-image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cybermedian.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/0nwUfOC7mhvxrRZDn.png\" data-image-id=\"0*nwUfOC7mhvxrRZDn.png\" data-width=\"637\" data-height=\"369\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"postList\">\n<li id=\"2044\" class=\"graf graf--li graf-after--figure graf--trailing\"><a class=\"markup--anchor markup--li-anchor\" href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=DataFlowDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/3f0b7361-8afd-463e-b1e2-e5a54d5207b3.xml&amp;name=Vehicle%20Maintenance%20Depot\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-href=\"https:\/\/online.visual-paradigm.com\/app\/diagrams\/#diagram:proj=0&amp;type=DataFlowDiagram&amp;gallery=\/repository\/3f0b7361-8afd-463e-b1e2-e5a54d5207b3.xml&amp;name=Vehicle%20Maintenance%20Depot\">\u0414\u0435\u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e 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\u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8211; \u044d\u0442\u043e, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 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